Advanced Pruning: Espalier and Fan Training Techniques in Australia

Flat-Training: Space, Aesthetics, and Productivity The flat-trained fruit tree is one of the most elegant and practical solutions to the problem of growing fruit in limited space. An espalier apple against a north-facing wall occupies only 30–40cm of depth while producing as much fruit as a free-standing tree — sometimes more, because the wall reflects warmth and the training improves light exposure to all parts of the tree. Why Flat Training Works Flat-trained systems represent a paradig…