Making Vinegar from Garden Produce and Wine in Australia

How Vinegar FormsVinegar is produced by a two-stage fermentation: first, sugars are converted to alcohol by yeast (standard wine or cider fermentation); then, acetic acid bacteria (Acetobacter) convert the alcohol to acetic acid in the presence of oxygen. The "mother of vinegar" is a cellulose mat formed by the bacteria — it looks like a gelatinous disc and can be used to inoculate new batches.Making Apple Cider VinegarThe simplest vinegar: press apple juice, add a small amount of yeast, and f…